smoke

• n. 烟；抽烟；无常的事物
• vi. 冒烟，吸烟；抽烟；弥漫
• vt. 吸烟；抽

词态变化

中文词源

来自中古英语 smoke,烟，来自古英语 smoca,烟，来自 Proto-Germanic*smukona,冒烟，来自 PIE*smeugh,冒烟，可能与 smell 有词源上的联系。引申词义抽烟，吸烟等。

英文词源

smoke

smoke: [OE] Smoke has close relatives in German schmauch and Dutch smook, now specialized in meaning to ‘thick smoke’. And more distantly it is linked to Welsh mwg and Breton moged ‘smoke’, Lithuanian smaugti ‘choke with smoke’, Greek smugenai ‘be consumed with heat’, and Armenian mux ‘smoke’. The use of the verb smoke in connection with tobacco is first recorded in 1604, in James I’s Counterblast to Tobacco.

smoke (n.1)

late Old English smoca (rare) "fumes and volatile material given off by burning substances," related to smeocan "give off smoke," from Proto-Germanic *smuk- (cognates: Middle Dutch smooc, Dutch smook, Middle High German smouch, German Schmauch), from PIE root *smeug- "to smoke; smoke" (cognates: Armenian mux "smoke," Greek smykhein "to burn with smoldering flame," Old Irish much, Welsh mwg "smoke").

There is no fyre without some smoke [Heywood, 1562]

The more usual noun was Old English smec, which became dialectal smeech. Abusive meaning "black person" attested from 1913, American English. Smoke-eater "firefighter" is c. 1930. Figurative phrase go up in smoke "be destroyed" (as if by fire) is from 1933. Smoke-alarm first attested 1936; smoke-detector from 1957.

smoke (v.)

Old English smocian "to produce smoke, emit smoke," especially as a result of burning, from smoke (n.1). Meaning "to drive out or away or into the open by means of smoke" is attested from 1590s. Meaning "to apply smoke to, to cure (bacon, fish, etc.) by exposure to smoke" is first attested 1590s. In connection with tobacco, "draw fumes from burning into the mouth," first recorded 1604 in James I's "Counterblast to Tobacco." Related: Smoked; smoking. Smoking gun in figurative sense of "incontestable evidence" is from 1974.

smoke (n.2)

"cigarette," slang, 1882, from smoke (n.1). Also "opium" (1884). Meaning "a spell of smoking tobacco" is recorded from 1835.

双语例句

1. Dense smoke swirled and billowed, its rank fumes choking her.

滚滚浓烟盘旋翻腾，恶臭味呛得她喘不过气来。

来自柯林斯例句

2. They were taken to hospital suffering from smoke inhalation.

他们因吸入大量烟尘被送往医院。

来自柯林斯例句

3. A thick haze of acrid smoke hung in the air.

空气中弥漫着刺鼻的浓烟。

来自柯林斯例句

4. By-laws are to make it illegal to smoke in public.

地方法规将规定在公共场合抽烟为非法。

来自柯林斯例句

5. There was a drift of smoke above the trees.

树林上空飘浮着一股烟。

来自柯林斯例句